Mushure memakore ehondo yezana remakore rechi20, Spain yakakwanisa kuvandudza hupfumi nekukurumidza. Uye pasinei nematanho ekuderedza mutengo akaitwa kuti agadzirise matambudziko akasiyana-siyana ehupfumi hwepasi rose, Spain ine musika wepamhepo uri kukuraNekuwedzera kuri kuramba kuchiita vatengi vedhijitari vari kuwedzera kugovera chikamu chikuru chebhajeti ravo kumachiteshi epamhepo, e-commerce yakaona kuwedzera kwekutengesa. Mumakore ekutanga e-commerce, mari yatove yapfuura mabhiriyoni emaeuro; nhasi, kutengesa kwedhijitari kunosvika makumi emabhiriyoni kota yega yega, uye huwandu hwekutengeserana hunodarika [nhamba isipo]. mazana emamiriyoni ekutengeserana mumwedzi mishomanana chete.
Pakutanga, nyika yakanga yatonyoresa vanhu vanopfuura 18 mamiriyoni evashandisi vanotenga online, neavhareji yekushandisa mari inosvika pa 900 euros pagore pamutengi wega wegaKubva ipapo, e-commerce muSpain yave nechikamu chekuwedzera nekubatanidzwa kwakaita kuti nhamba dziripo pari zvino dzipfuure Vanhu mamiriyoni makumi matatu vanotenga onlineIzvi zvinomiririra vanhu vanopfuura zvikamu zvitatu muzvina zvevagari vepaindaneti. Avhareji yemari inoshandiswa pagore pamutengi wega wega yakawedzera zvakanyanya, ichisvika pamusoro pe 3.300 euros pagoreIzvi zvinosimbisa kuti nzira yedhijitari haingowedzeri vashandisi vakawanda chete, asiwo huwandu hwakawanda hwemari inoshandiswa pamunhu mumwe nemumwe.
Purogiramu yemutengi wepaindaneti uye zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa
La vatengi vazhinji online kubva kuSpain Vanhu vakuru vari pakati pemakore 25 ne49 vanogara mumaguta, vane dzidzo yepamusoro kana yepamusoro uye vane mari iri pakati nepakati kana yepamusoro. Ruzivo urwu rwakawedzera nekufamba kwenguva, zvekuti nhasi boka remazera ari pakati pe25 ne54 ndiro rinoonekwa serinonyanya kushandisa mari paindaneti, uye Vanhu vakuru vari kuramba vachitenga onlinenepo mapoka evadiki (makore 16 kusvika 24) achiratidza yakanyanya kupinza yedhijitari uye vanoita sevanoshandisa internet nemasocial network zvakanyanya.
Panyaya yebonde, musiyano wevanhurume nevanhukadzi Yaderera zvakanyanya. Pari zvino, kugoverwa kwakaringana kuri kuonekwa: pakati pevashandisi vechidiki pane huwandu hwakanyanya hwevakadzi, nepo muvanhu vane makore anopfuura 55, kutora chikamu kwevarume kuri kuramba kwakakwira. Izvi zvinoratidza maitiro e kukura uye kugadziriswa kwekutengeserana kwepamhepo muzvikamu zvose zvenzanga.
Kana tikaongorora michina iyi, makore ekutanga ekutengeserana kwepaindaneti muSpain ainyanya kushandiswa nemakombiyuta epakombiyuta kana epalaptop. Panguva iyoyo, zvaifungidzirwa kuti Munhu mumwe chete pavashanu aishandisa foni kana tablet kuti vaite zvinhu zvavo. Nekufambira mberi kwekubatana kwenharembozha uye kuvandudzwa kwemapurogiramu, mamiriro ezvinhu akachinja zvachose: iyo Smartphone ndiyo yave chinhu chinonyanya kufarirwa yekutengeserana, inoshandiswa nevanhu vanopfuura zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zvevatengi vepaindaneti.
Ongororo dzichangoburwa dzinoratidza kuti zvinopfuura 70% yevatengi vepaindaneti Vanoshandisa nharembozha dzavo pane imwe nguva mukuita izvi (kutsvaga, kuenzanisa, kana kubhadhara), nepo vanenge 30% vachiramba vachisarudza komputa yekutenga zvinhu zvikuru kana kuita sarudzo dzakaoma. Uyezve, nharembozha ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa... kutsvaga ruzivo rwekare Pakutenga: vanenge vatatu pavana vanotenga online vanoshandisa izvi kuenzanisa mitengo, kuverenga wongororo uye kubvunza pfungwa dzavo vasati vaita sarudzo.
Nzira dzekubhadhara uye chivimbo chevatengi
Mumazuva ekutanga e-commerce muSpain, nzira dzokubhadhara Avo vane makadhi ekubhadhara kana echikwereti ndivo vainyanya kufarirwa, vachisarudzwa ne64,1%. kubhadhara sePayPal Vainyanya kufarirwa nevanoda kusvika chikamu chimwe muzvina chevatengi, asi vamwe vakasarudza dzimwe nzira dzekubhadhara dzakadai sekutumira mari kubhangi kana kuti mari yavo pakutumira.
Nekufamba kwenguva, nzira yekubhadhara nedhijitari yakachinja-chinja pasina kadhi kurasikirwa nebasa raro guru. Parizvino, zvikwereti uye makadhi echikwereti Ndidzo dzinoramba dziri nzira inonyanya kushandiswa: zvinofungidzirwa kuti 89% yevatengi Vakambozvishandisa kanenge kamwe chete uye zvinosvika zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvekutengeserana kwepaindaneti. mabasa ekubhadhara epakati akadai sePayPal Dzinoramba dziripo zvakanyanya, izvo zvinowedzerwa nemhinduro dzemunharaunda dzakadai seBizum nedzimwe wallet dzedhijitari.
Zvizvarwa zvitsva zvinoratidza chido chikuru chekushandisa kubhadhara nefoni uye mawallet edhijitariKunyange hazvo vanhu vakuru vachinzwa vakasununguka nemakadhi echinyakare kana kutamiswa kwemari. Uyezve, nzira dziri kubuda dzakadai sekuti "tenga izvozvi, bhadhara gare gare" dziri kutanga kuonekwa, uye zvishoma, kushandiswa kwekuyedza kwe mari yedhijitari senzira yekubhadharakunyangwe chekupedzisira chichiramba chiri chevashoma.
Dhigirii re kuvimba ne e-commerce Zvakavandudzika zvakanyanya. Ongororo dzichangoburwa dzinoratidza kuti vanhu vanopfuura 90% yevatengi vepamhepo Kutenga online kunoonekwa sekunge kwakachengeteka, nekuda kwezvinhu zvakaita sekushandiswa kwakapararira kwemitemo yekuchengetedza uye kujeka kukuru mune zvekuchengetedza. Dzosera PolicyKuvapo kweongororo dzevashandisi uye kubatanidzwa kwemabhurandi anotungamira ndizvo zvinhu zvikuru zvinoita kuti vanhu vafunge nezvekuchengetedzwa kwezvinhu. kuwedzera kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi kweavhareji yekushandisa mari uye kushandiswa kwenzira yedhijitari nemaprofiles aimbove asingade.
Matunhu makuru, huwandu hwebhizinesi uye kutengeserana
Iwo maseketi anobatsira zvakanyanya kubva ku electronic commerce MuSpain vakashanduka-shanduka, asi vanochengetedza mamwe maitiro akafanana. Netsika, indasitiri ye Moda, all kutenga zvekufamba, the zvemagetsi zvevatengi, all matikiti ezviitiko and the mabhuku nemaCD Vave vari pakati pemapoka ane huremu hwakanyanya muchiteshi chepamhepo.
Parizvino, mafashoni achiri chimwe chezvikamu zvikuru: vanoda kusvika zvikamu zvitatu muzvina zvevatengi vedhijitari vanoti vakatenga zvipfeko, shangu kana zvimwe zvinoshongedza online. Mapoka e varaidzo netsika Matikiti ezviitiko, mashoo, mafirimu, kana makonzati anewo mwero wepamusoro wekupinda, zvichipfuura hafu yevashandisi vese. kufamba uye kugara Vachiri kutora nzvimbo yakakurumbira, pamwe chete nemidziyo yemagetsi inoshandiswa nevatengi, matikiti ekufambisa uye mabasa ane chekuita nekuzorora.
Panguva imwe chete, kukura kukuru kwakaonekwa muzvikamu zve kudyaZvigadzirwa zvemumba uye mabasa ekunyorera. Kutenga zvekudya online kwawedzera zvakanyanya uye ikozvino kwava kuitwa nechikamu chikuru chevatengi vedhijitari. masevhisi ekunyorera zvemukati zvedhijitari (Mapuratifomu emavhidhiyo, mimhanzi, mabhuku e-e kana makosi epamhepo) atangwa, uye vanopfuura hafu yevatengi vepamhepo vakanyoresa kune rumwe rudzi rwesevhisi yedhijitari nguva nenguva.
Kana tikaongorora ruzivo rwebhizinesi, mari inowanikwa mubhizinesi repamhepo muSpain inoramba ichiwedzera. kukura kwakasimba gore negore, Zvisinei, matambudziko achiripo, akadai sekuti vatengi vanorega kutenga.Muchikamu chimwe chete chegore, huwandu hwemari inowanikwa hunogona kudarika 20.000 mamiriyoni emamiriyoninekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemari kana tichienzanisa nenguva imwe chete yegore rapfuura. Kutengeserana kwemamiriyoni mazana mana kwekotauye mune dzimwe nguva vatosvika pedyo ne Kutengeserana kwemamiriyoni mazana mashanu mumwedzi mitatu chete, nekukura kuri kuita 15% gore negore.
Muhuwandu hwese uhwu, mapazi emabasa ane mari yakawanda anowanzo tungamirwa ne masangano ekufambisa nevashandisi vekushanya, the air Transport and the nguoNehuwandu hwekutengeserana, zvikamu zvakaita se kubhejera nekubheja Uye mamwe masevhisi edhijitari anoramba achidzokororwa anogona kutora nzvimbo dzepamusoro, nekuda kwekuwanda kwekutenga, kunyangwe avhareji yemari pakutengeserana iri pasi kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzvimbo.
Kupatsanurwa kwenzvimbo, B2C uye basa remisika
Ukuwo, Mabhizinesi eB2C akakwanisa kukura gore rega regakunyoresa kuwedzera kwemari inowanikwa uye huwandu hwekutengeserana gore negore. Kunyangwe mumakore ekutanga ekuwedzera, B2C e-commerce yakaona kukura kwemitengo kunodarika 10% pagore, uye maitiro aya akaenderera mberi, nenguva apo kukura kwemari inowanikwa online kwakapfuura 15% kana kunyange 20% zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura. Mune mamwe makota apfuura, vanopfuura Kutengeserana kwemamiriyoni makumi matanhatu nemapfumbamwe mumwedzi mishoma cheteUye pari zvino nhamba idzi dziri kupfuura mwero uyu zviri nyore, dziri pamazana emamiriyoni ekutengeserana kwekota.
La geographic segmentation Chikamu chekutengeserana kwepamhepo muSpain chinoratidzawo musika wakavhurika zvakanyanya kune kutengeserana kwenyika dzese. Chikamu chikuru chemari chinobva mukutenga zvinhu zvinobva kuSpain zvichienda kumabhizinesi ari mune dzimwe nyika, kunyanya mukati meEuropean Union. Saka, zvinokurudzirwa kuti zvigadzirwa izvi zvienderane nedzimwe nyika zvaunotengesa kuti uwane mukana wekudiwa kuri kunze kwemiganhu yedu. Zvinenge, pedyo ne mana kubva pagumi ega ega euros anobhadharwa Mukutengeserana kwepaindaneti, kutengeswa kwakawanda kunotarisirwa kumabhizinesi ari muSpain, nepo zvimwe zvese zvichiendeswa kune vanofambisa zvinhu kunze kwenyika. Izvi zvinoshandura kuva kushomeka kwemari yekunze Panyaya yekutengeserana kwepaindaneti, vatengi vekuSpain vanotenga zvakawanda kubva kuzvitoro zvekune dzimwe nyika kupfuura vatengi vanobva kune dzimwe nyika vanotenga kubva kuzvitoro zvepamhepo zvekuSpain.
Panyaya yehuwandu hwekutengeserana, chikamu chemabasa anotungamirwa kunze kwenyika chakakwira zvakanyanya, zvichipfuura muzviitiko zvakawanda 60% yezvese zvinotengwa paindanetiRuzhinji rwezvinhu izvi zvinotengwa nevanhu vanobva kune dzimwe nyika rwakanyanya kutaurwa mu mabhizinesi ari muEuropean UnionZvikamu izvi zvinodarika 90% yekutengeserana kwenyika dzese kunobva kuSpain. Mukati mazvo, mbatya, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, uye zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemusika ndizvo zvinonyanya kuwanikwa.
Kusiyana neizvi, kutenga zvinhu kubva kunze kwenyika kunoitirwa mabhizinesi ekuSpain kunoratidzawo kukura kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi, nekuwedzera kwemari inotengeswa gore negore. Chikamu chikuru chekutengeserana uku chinobva kuEuropean Union, uye nzvimbo dzakabatana ne mabasa ekushanyira nzvimbo dzekushanya nekufamba (makambani, kutakura vanhu nendege, kurenda mota, mahotera, nezvimwewo) ndiwo ane chikamu chikuru chekutenga uku kwevanhu vasiri vagari vemuSpain muzvitoro zvedhijitari.
Chinhu chikuru chekutengeserana kwepamhepo muSpain ndiko kukura kuri kuita mukurumbira we pamisikaParizvino, zvinofungidzirwa kuti 60% yekutenga online Kutengeserana uku kunoitwa kuburikidza nemapuratifomu makuru anoshanda sevanounganidza zvinhu. Kune vazhinji vanotenga, misika yave nzira huru yekuwana zvinhu nemasevhisi. sosi huru yeruzivo nekuenzanisa vasati vatenga chigadzirwa, uye nekuda kwehuwandu hwakanyanya hwezvinhu izvi vanomiririrawo nzvimbo iyo kutengeserana kwacho kwaizoitika pakupedzisira.
Pakati pe mawebhusaiti e-commerce anotengesa zvakanyanya muSpain Vatambi vakuru vanosanganisira makambani makuru akaita seAmazon, vachiteverwa nezvitoro zvikuru zvakaita seEl Corte InglƩs, mabhurugwa emafashoni akaita seZara, uye mapuratifomu epasi rose akaita seAliExpress neMediaMarkt muchikamu chemagetsi. Makambani aya anotungamira chikamu chikuru chetraffic online uye kutengesa kwedhijitari nekuda kwezvipo zvavo zvakawanda zvezvigadzirwa, nzira dzekushambadzira, uye kuvimba kwavanoita nevatengi.
Iva nepfupiso yemamiriro ezvinhu eiyo e-commerce muSpain Zvinobatsira kunzwisisa mamiriro ezvinhu atinoshanda. Nekuongorora data nenhamba dzemari dzinoshandiswa pakubhadhara, huwandu hwekutengeserana, kugoverwa kwenzvimbo, mapurofayiro evatengi, uye basa remisika, zvinova pachena kuti e-commerce isarudzo inowedzera purofiti kumabhizinesi ehukuru hwese. zvemichina zvakanakiraNekuwedzera kwemafoni, kubatanidzwa kwenzira dzekubhadhara dzakachengeteka, uye kuvandudzwa kwezvekufambisa zvinhu, zvave nyore kusvika kune vatengi vakawanda uye kuwedzera bhizinesi kupfuura zvipingamupinyi zvechinyakare. uye kusangana nezvinodiwa nevatengiIzvi zvinoisa nzira yepamhepo senzvimbo huru yehupfumi hweSpain huripo.
