Kambani yetekinoroji yeMeta yasvika pachibvumirano chakakosha chekugumisa nyaya iyi ichiipomera kuti yagadzira mapuratifomu ayo ekubata vana vadiki. Kambani yaMark Zuckerberg ichabhadhara mari inosvika mabhiriyoni gumi nemanomwe negumi nerimwe emadhora kumubatanidzwa wemagweta makuru eU.S., ayo akaipomera mhosva yekutyora mitemo yekudzivirira vatengi uye yekuchengetedzwa kwevana. Chibvumirano ichi, chakaziviswa mukati mevhiki rechipiri rekutongwa muOakland, California, chinosanganisira shanduko dzakawanda kuInstagram neFacebook dzichakanganisa zvakananga mashandisiro anoita vechidiki ma network aya.
Chibvumirano ichi chinodzivisa kutongwa, chimwe chinhu icho mapato ese maviri aida kudzivisa. Meta inoramba chero chakaipa , asi vachuchisi vanoti shanduko dzakabvumiranwa ndidzo dzakakura kupfuura dzose dzati dzambozvipira nekambani mukunyora. Chibvumirano ichi ndechimwe chezvakakura zvakambobhadharwa nekambani yetekinoroji munyaya yekudzivirira vatengi, kunyangwe ichimiririra 18% chete yepurofiti yegore negore yekambani uye ichabhadharwa muzvikamu kusvika muna 2036.
Nhamba dzechibvumirano nenyika dzakabatanidzwa
Mari yese inosvika mabhiriyoni gumi nemanomwe emadhora ($17.1 bhiriyoni), kunyangwe mabhiriyoni gumi nemaviri emadhora chete asina miganhu ; yasara inoenderana nekuti makwikwi makuru eMeta, akadai seTikTok neYouTube, vagamuchire zvirambidzo zvakafanana uye vagovane mari yakafanana. Mubatanidzwa wevamhan'ari une magweta makuru makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe , kunyangwe chibvumirano ichi chakasainwawo nedzimwe nyika nenzvimbo, zvese zvine matunhu makumi mana nemanomwe, District of Columbia, nedzimwe nzvimbo dzinoverengeka. California, imwe yevakatanga, ichawana pakati pemadhora mabhiriyoni gumi nemashanu emadhora kusvika mabhiriyoni maviri nerimwe emadhora kana mutongi akabvumidza chibvumirano ichi.
Mari iyi ichagoverwa kuti ibatsire zvirongwa zvehutano hwepfungwa dzevechidiki, zvirongwa zvekudzidza nedhijitari, uye kuedza kudzivirira, sezvinotarwa nenyika imwe neimwe. Inosanganisirawo $459 miriyoni yezvikumbiro zvine chekuita nenyaya yeCambridge Analytica, iyo yaive yakasiyana. Meta yakamboverenga njodzi huru ye $1,4 trillion dai yakakundwa mudare, izvo zvinotsanangura kukurumidza kusvika pakugadzirisa nyaya.
Matanho chaiwo ekudzivirira vana
Zvirambidzo zvakavimbiswa neMeta kuti zviitwe zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvine chekuita nepfungwa huru yebhizinesi rayo. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti muganho wemaawa maviri pazuva wekushandisa Instagram neFacebook pamwe chete , izvo zvinongogona kubviswa nemubereki chete. Pamusoro pezvo, kuvharirwa kwehusiku kuchave kuri kushanda pakati pehusiku na6:00 a.m., uye zviziviso zvichadzimwa panguva yechikoro (8:00 a.m. kusvika 3:00 p.m.) uye husiku (10:00 p.m. kusvika 7:00 a.m.).
Zvimwe zvinhu zvitsva zvinosanganisira yambiro maminetsi gumi nemashanu ega ega ekushandisa nguva dzose , sarudzo yekuisa feed isina mazano ealgorithmic ayo vabereki vanogona kuisa seyakajairika, uye kugona kuvanza kaunda "yakafanana". Mafirita emifananidzo anotevedzera kuvhiyiwa kwekunaka kana kusvibisa makeup anorambidzwawo. Matanho ekusimbisa zera achasimbiswa kubvisa maakaundi evashandisi vari pasi pemakore gumi nematatu, uye maturusi ekudzora vabereki achawedzerwa.
Chibvumirano ichi chinosimbisa nguva yekutanga yemakore mashanu yenguva yakatarwa uye nguva yekuvharirwa husiku, asi kana TikTok neYouTube zvikabatana, nguva idzi dzichawedzerwa kusvika kumakore gumi uye dzichaitwa dzakaoma: kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva kuchaganhurirwa kuawa imwe chete uye nguva yekuvharirwa kusvika kumaawa mapfumbamwe (kubva na22:00 PM kusvika na7:00 AM). Meta ichafanirwa kutevedzera ongororo dzakazvimirira uye haibvumidzwe kutaura nhema nezvezvinhu zvayo zvekuchengetedza.
Kumanikidzwa kuri paTikTok neYouTube
Meta yakatumira tsamba yakavhurika kune vaviri vakwikwidzi vayo vakuru ichivakurudzira kuti vashandise "mutemo mutsva weindasitiri." Kambani iyi inotenda kuti kana ikangorambidza vanhu kupinda, vana vachangotamira kune mamwe maapplication. Saka, muripo we30% unoenderana nekuti TikTok neYouTube vatore matanho akafanana uye vabhadhare mari yakaenzana. Uyezve, Meta yakaburitsa zviziviso zvemapeji akazara mumapepanhau ekuUS kuti vamanikidze makwikwi avo pachena.
Nzira iyi ine chinangwa chekuti vakwikwidzi vatakure mari dzezvematongerwo enyika nedzehupfumi. Mukutaura kwake, mutauriri weMeta akasimbisa kuti "kana vechidiki vachinge varambidzwa kushandisa app, vanongochinja kuenda kune imwe," saka mhinduro inoshanda inoda kuti indasitiri yese ibatanidzwe. Nyanzvi dzinoti Meta inoda kudzivirira kukwikwidzana uye, panguva imwe chete, inozviratidza sekambani "ine mutoro" iri kutungamira shanduko iyi.
Maitiro uye mamiriro ekutonga
Gweta guru rakarumbidza chibvumirano ichi se "kukunda kukuru" kwehutano hwevechidiki. Gweta Guru reCalifornia Rob Bonta akasimbisa kuti "Meta yabvuma shanduko huru dzichaderedza njodzi yekukuvadzwa." Zvisinei, mamwe mapoka ekutsigira vana akaratidza kusava nechokwadi, achitaura kuti kambani yakatotyora zvibvumirano zvekare neFTC uye kuti matanho mazhinji anoenderana nekushandira pamwe kwevabereki, izvo vabereki vasingadi nguva dzose kuita.
Pasi rose, European Union yakatotanga kuferefeta Meta nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwayo kunonakidza pa Instagram ne Facebook uye kusaongororwa kwezera rayo, uye mutauriri weEU Thomas Regnier akakumbira kambani iyi kuti iwedzere zvisungo izvi kuEurope. Nyika dzakadai seAustralia dzakatorambidza vashandisi vari pasi pemakore gumi nematanhatu epasocial media, uye Spain, France, neGermany dziri kufunga nezvematanho akafanana. Meta inotarisanawo nematare akawanda kubva kuzvikoro nevanhu, avo vanogona kukanganiswa nechibvumirano ichi.
Zvinorehwa neindasitiri yetekinoroji
Chibvumirano ichi chinoisa muenzaniso wakakosha, sezvo chichibvuma pachena kuti dhizaini yemapuratifomu inogona kukuvadza. Kunyangwe Meta isingabvumi mhosva, matanho akabvumiranwa anomiririra kuchinja zvachose maonero ayo ekare. Sarudzo iyi inewo mhedzisiro yemari: migove yekambani yakakwira neanopfuura 1% mushure mekuziviswa, sezvo vanoisa mari vachikoshesa kubviswa kwenjodzi huru yepamutemo. Zvisinei, mibvunzo ichiripo pamusoro pekuti modhi yebhizinesi rekushambadzira ichakanganiswa here nekufamba kwenguva kana miganho yekushandisa ikapararira.
Nyanzvi yezveindasitiri iyi inotenda kuti Meta yakasarudza kubvuma pane kuisa mungozi yekupomerwa mhosva yaigona kuchinja mashandiro ayo. Chikamu chinoisa chikamu chekubhadhara makwikwi inzira ine njodzi, asiwo ine hurongwa: inomanikidza vanokwikwidza kuti vatore chinzvimbo cheveruzhinji pakuchengetedzwa kwevana, chimwe chinhu chinogona kukurumidzisa mitemo yepasi rose. Parizvino, chibvumirano ichi chinofanira kutenderwa nemutongi Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers, ari kutarisira nyaya iyi.
Muchidimbu, Meta yakakwanisa kudzivirira kuyedzwa kwaigona kunzi maalgorithms ekupindwa muropa haasi pamutemo , asi nekudaro yakagamuchira hurongwa hwezvirambidzo zvichachinja mashandiro anoita mapuratifomu enhau dzemagariro evanhu. Chinangwa chava muTikTok neYouTube, uye vachafanira kusarudza kana voshandisa chiyero ichi kana kuti votarisana nekumanikidzwa kukuru kubva kuvatongi neveruzhinji.