Hurumende yeSpain yasarudza kudzora kushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzedata nekukurumidza munyika. Kuwanda kwemapurojekiti akaziviswa, ayo akapetwa katatu pane zvakafanotaurwa nemutemo, kwakaita kuti hurumende isimudzire mutemo wehumambo unosimbisa zvinodiwa zvakasimba zvekuchengetedza simba, kushanda zvakanaka kwemvura, uye kuzvitonga kwedhijitari. Mutemo uyu, uyo watotanga maitiro ekubvunzana neveruzhinji pasi pemaitiro ekukurumidzira, une chinangwa chekuona kuti mapurojekiti akagadzirwa zvakanaka chete ane kukanganisa kwakanyanya kwezvakatipoteredza ndiwo anogona kubatanidzwa negrid yemagetsi.
Chirongwa ichi, chakagadzirwa neMinistry for Ecological Transition, Economy, and Digital Transformation, chinopindura murairo weRoyal Decree-Law 7/2026 uye chinotsvaga kufanoona matambudziko akakonzerwa nekukura kwedata centre munyika dzakadai seIreland, Netherlands, neUnited States, uko mitengo yemagetsi yakakwira zvakanyanya uye kusawirirana kwegrid kwakagadzirwa. Nemutemo uyu, Spain ine chinangwa chekusarudza mapurojekiti akanakisa - ayo anopa mabhenefiti makuru nemitengo yakaderera yezvakatipoteredza nenzvimbo.
Zvinodiwa pakuchengetedza simba uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza
Mutemo wakarongwa unoratidza kuti nzvimbo dzedata dzine simba rinodarika 1 megawatt (MW) dzinofanira kutevedzera mwero wepamusoro wesimba nekushanda zvakanaka kwemvura kweEuropean labeling system, iyo iri kugadzirwa neEuropean Commission uye yakarongerwa kutanga kushanda muna Nyamavhuvhu 2027. Kusvika panguva iyoyo, mitemo yakafanana yakataurwa muchirongwa cheDelegated Regulation (EU) 2024/1364 inoshanda, ichida chikamu A mukushanda zvakanaka kwesimba nekushandiswa kwemvura.
Chimwe chezviyero zvakakosha ndechekuti 80% yemagetsi anoshandiswa padata center yega yega anobva kumagetsi matsva anowanikwazve. Izvi zvinoreva kuti megawatt imwe neimwe inoshandiswa inofanira kuenzaniswa ne megawatt imwe chete yesimba rinowanikwazve rakaiswa mukati memwedzi gumi nemisere nzvimbo iyi isati yatanga kushanda, kungave kuburikidza nekuzvishandisa kana zvibvumirano zvekutenga simba kwenguva refu (PPAs). Uyezve, magetsi aya anofanira kuongororwa awa yega yega; kureva kuti, paawa yega yega yekushanda, anosvika 80% yemagetsi anoshandiswa anofanira kuvandudzwa uye kugadzirwa mukati menguva imwe chete iyoyo.
Chinangwa chezvinodiwa izvi ndechekudzivirira kuwedzera kwekuda kwemagetsi kuti kusashandise gasi rechisikigo pakugadzira magetsi kana simba rinogona kushandiswazve rikasakura zvakaenzana. Sekureva kwemasangano ehurumende, mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro angaita kuti mitengo yemagetsi ikwire kune vese vatengi, sezviri kuitika mune dzimwe nyika. Nechiyero ichi, hurumende inotsvagawo kuona kuti nzvimbo dzedata hadzideredze simba remagetsi rinogona kushandiswazve, asi kuti dzibatsire mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi matsva.
Hutongi hwedhijitari uye kusimba
Chirevo chehumambo chinosanganisirawo zvinodiwa zvine chekuita nekusimba uye kuzvitonga kwedhijitari. Vashandi venzvimbo dzedata vanofanirwa kugadzwa muEuropean Union, uye data, metadata, uye zvinyorwa zvavanogadzirisa sechikamu chekushanda kwenzvimbo zvinofanirwa kuramba zviri mukati meEU. Uyezve, kudzora kupinda kubva kunyika dzechitatu kuchasimbiswa, uye nzvimbo dzinochengetedza ruzivo kubva kuhurumende dzehurumende kana dzinogona kukanganisa kuchengetedzeka kwenyika hadzizotenderwi kupa data rakadaro kunyika dzechitatu.
Bazi reKuchinja Kwedhijitari neHurumende richave nebasa rekuona kuti zvinodiwa izvi zvinotevedzwa here, kutyorwa kwazvo kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa nekodzero dzekuwana nekubatanidza magetsi. Nzvimbo dzese dzedata, dziri pamusoro pechipimo chakati, dzinofanira kuendesa chiziviso chebasa richisimbisa kuti dzinotevedzera mitemo iyi yekutonga kwedhijitari.
Kusvika kune grid yemagetsi kune zvigaro zvine mwero
Mapurojekiti enzvimbo yedata ari kutsvaga mukana wekushandisa magetsi anofanirwa kuratidza kutevedzera zvese zvinodiwa kuti awane kodzero dzekushandisa magetsi nekubatanidza magetsi. Kukundikana kutevedzera izvi kuchakonzera kuwedzera kwemari yekubhadhara magetsi nemitero, uye pakupedzisira, kurasikirwa nekodzero yekushandisa magetsi pachayo. Mari idzi dzichabhadhara mari yekuwedzera iyo kusatevedzera zvisungo zvekuwedzera uye nguva yekushandisa simba rinogona kushandiswa pahurongwa uye, nekudaro, pamabhiri emagetsi.
Mapurojekiti ari kutangwa kare achave nemwedzi mitanhatu yekuchinjika kuzvinodiwa zvitsva uye kuratidza kutevedzera mitemo, kana mwedzi mitatu kana vakamirira tenda yekuwana magetsi. Kana zvinodiwa zvitsva zvikaita kuti zvimwe zvirongwa zvisakwanisike, zvirevo zvekubuda zvinosanganisirwawo izvo zvinobvumira vagadziri kuti varege kodzero dzavo dzekuwana magetsi nekubatanidza pasina vimbiso dzakakodzera dziri kushandiswa.
Kuburitswa kwemashoko uye kujekesa
Pamusoro pezvo, nzvimbo dzese dzedata dzinopfuura 500 kilowatts (kW) dzinofanira kutumira data rekushandisa simba radzo zvakanaka uye kugara kwenguva refu kuMinistry for Ecological Transition, zvichienderana neDelegated Regulation (EU) 2024/1364, kuti dzibudiswe gore rega rega. Idzo dzakakura kupfuura 1 MW dzinofanirawo kuratidza kana uye kuti dzinotevedzera sei nzira dzakanakisisa dzeEuropean code of conduct on energy safety yenzvimbo dzedata.
Indasitiri iyi yaratidza kunetsekana nezvemamwe matanho akarongwa. SpainDC, sangano renzvimbo dzedata, yakataura kuti ine zvinangwa zvakafanana zvekuchengetedza nharaunda uye kuzvitonga kwedhijitari, asi inonyevera kuti mitemo inofanira kuenderana uye ienderane nehurongwa hweEurope kudzivirira Spain kuti isave imwe yemisika yakaoma zvikuru mukuvandudza zvivakwa zvedhijitari. Ametic, kune rumwe rutivi, yakakumbira matanho ekudzivirira kupatsanurwa kwemusika wedhijitari mumwe chete.
Hurumende, kune rumwe rutivi, inoti danho iri harisi rekumisa kana kumisa mari, asi rakasiyana zvachose. Spain ine Artificial Intelligence Strategy inofungidzira kuti simba remakombiyuta rinosvika 2,5 GW panosvika gore ra2030, izvo zvinoda 3,5 GW kusvika 4 GW yekuda magetsi. Zvisinei, mafomu nemamvumo anopiwa kune aya marudzi ekuisa anopfuura zvakanyanya chinangwa ichi, nekodzero dzekuwana nekubatanidza magetsi dzinopfuura 12 GW dzakapihwa kubvira 2021. Nemutemo uyu, hurumende ine chinangwa chekuona kuti mapurojekiti anozobuda ndiwo anoshanda zvakanyanya uye anogara kwenguva refu, zvichibatsira mukuita kuti hupfumi hwenyika huve hwedhijitari uye hutongi hwedhijitari hweEU.
Nguva yekutumira pfungwa dzichavhurwa kusvika Gunyana 4, uye hurumende inoronga kukurumidzisa kubvumidzwa kwechirevo chehumambo gore risati rapera. Hurongwa hutsva hwegrid yemagetsi hune tarisiro yegore ra2030, huri kudzidzwa parizvino, huchave hwakakosha pakusarudza kuti ndeapi mapurojekiti enzvimbo yedata achabatanidzwa negrid uye ndeapi acharamba ari kunze kwesystem.
